영어 스낵 모의고사

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1. 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
A common error in current Darwinian thinking is the assumption that “selfish genes” are the prime mover in evolution. In strict Darwinism the prime mover is environmental threat. In the absence of threat, natural selection tends to resist change. It is un-biological to “explain” behavioural change as resulting from genetic change or the ex vacuo emergence of domain-specific brain modules. Evolutionary psychologists surely know why brains evolved: as Cosmides and Tooby point out, brains are found only in animals that move. Brains are behavioural organs, and behavioural adaptation, being immediate and non-random, is vastly more efficient than genetic adaptation. So, in animals with brains, behavioural change is the usual first response to environmental threat. If the change is successful, genetic adaptation to the new behaviour will follow more gradually. Animals do not evolve carnivore teeth and then decide it might be a good idea to eat meat.
* ex vacuo: 무(無)에서의 ** carnivore: 육식 동물
 
2. Singing Tommy 사용에 관한 다음 안내문의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?
 
3. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.
Research with human runners challenged conventional wisdom and found that the ground-reaction forces at the foot and the shock transmitted up the leg and through the body after impact with the ground
as runners moved from extremely compliant to extremely hard running surfaces. As a result, researchers gradually began to believe that runners are subconsciously able to adjust leg stiffness prior to foot strike based on their perceptions of the hardness or stiffness of the surface on which they are running. This view suggests that runners create soft legs that soak up impact forces when they are running on very hard surfaces and stiff legs when they are moving along on yielding terrain. As a result, impact forces passing through the legs are strikingly similar over a wide range of running surface types. Contrary to popular belief, running on concrete is not more damaging to the legs than running on soft sand.
* compliant: 말랑말랑한 ** terrain: 지형
 
4. 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.
Watch the birds in your backyard. If one bird startles and flies off, others will follow, not waiting around to assess whether the threat is real. They have been infected by emotional contagion.
(A) Marc wondered whether the birds in line were more fearful because they didn’t know what their flockmates were doing. Emotional contagion would have been impossible for individual grosbeaks in the linear array except with their nearest neighbors.
(B) In a long-term research project that Marc did with some of his students on patterns of antipredatory scanning by western evening grosbeaks, they found that birds in a circle showed more coordination in scanning than did birds who were feeding in a line.
(C) The birds in a line, who could only see their nearest neighbor, not only were less coordinated when scanning, but also were more nervous, changing their body and head positions significantly more than grosbeaks in a circle, where it was possible for each grosbeak to see every other grosbeak. [3점]
* grosbeak: 콩새류(類) ** array: 정렬
 
5. 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 곳을 고르시오.
As long as you do not run out of copies before completing this process, you will know that you have a sufficient number to go around.
We sometimes solve number problems almost without realizing it. ( ① ) For example, suppose you are conducting a meeting and you want to ensure that everyone there has a copy of the agenda. ( ② ) You can deal with this by labeling each copy of the handout in turn with the initials of each of those present. ( ③ ) You have then solved this problem without resorting to arithmetic and without explicit counting. ( ④ ) There are numbers at work for us here all the same, and they allow precise comparison of one collection with another, even though the members that make up the collections could have entirely different characters, as is the case here, where one set is a collection of people, while the other consists of pieces of paper. ( ⑤ ) What numbers allow us to do is to compare the relative size of one set with another.
* arithmetic: 산수

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